is long but I hate to lose the information so I am including it here.
> I am still fixing and recompiling but this is the issue that was not the
> result of another patch. This is a fundamental build issue that I value
> your opinion on.
This is difficult issue (I.e. I have no destinct solution for it)
Background:
(gnu-) make's implicit rules apply CFLAGS, CPPFLAGS, CXXFLAGS, ASFLAGS and
LDFLAGS (cf. make.info/Implicit Rules/Catalogue of Rules), only.
In brief:
CPPFLAGS .. passed to the c-preprocessor
CFLAGS ... passed to the c-compiler
CXXFLAGS ... equivalent to CFLAGS but passed to the c++ compiler
(Attention: CFLAGS is not passed to the c++ compiler)
ASFLAGS .. equivalent to CFLAGS, but passed to the assembler
LDFLAGS .. equivalent to CFLAGS, but passed to the linker
A bit oversimplifying, these make rules are as follows
.c.o:
$(CC) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) -c
.cc.o:
$(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) -c
.S.s:
$(CPP) $(CPPFLAGS)
.s.o:
$(AS) $(ASFLAGS)
My reading of the documentation (make.info) is that {AS|AR|CC|CXX|CPP}FLAGS
are ment to be passed to the related tools directly, however examinating
the rule set of gmake (gmake -p -f /dev/null") shows that many rules use
$(CC) instead of the related tools (eg. linker rules) etc.
I.e. these flags should not rely on being passed through cpp or gcc. With
gcc being the common frontend for all of these tools of a gnu-toolchain the
situation becomes difficult (Which option is passed to whom and which tool
really uses it?), because these variable can also contain the toolchain's
frontend (eg. AS=gcc, LD=gcc, CPP=gcc -E).
For some commonly used options the situation is quite clear:
* -g -> CFLAGS
* -OX -> CFLAGS
* -D -> CPPFLAGS
* -A -> CPPFLAGS
But where to add -m, -B, -specs, -qrtems_XXX ?
* -B, -specs, -qrtems_XXX are gcc-frontend options
* -m is a combinations of flags to go to different destinations, in many
(all?) cases, the following is valid
-m is expanded by gcc into a set of -D and -A options
-m is interpreted by cc1 as a machine flag to generate a specific
instruction set.
-m is interpreted by gcc as an implicit linker search path for multilibs to
set up calls to LD.
>From my point of view this indicates we can either destingush between these
different usages (= separately add -m to CFLAGS, LDFLAGS etc) or to add it
to CPPFLAGS and use gcc (the frontend) instead of calling each tool
directly (less error prone) -- I vote for CPPFLAGS, but I am not sure.
-----------------
Now, where to add CPU_CFLAGS?
AFAIS, in probably all cases CPU_CFLAGS contain -D -A, and -m options,
only.
* -D and -A are supposed to go to CPPFLAGS
* -mXXX options can have multiple meanings (It can be gcc, collect2/ld and
cc1/cc1plus option simultaneously)
Here, I made a mistake - I destinguished between CPU_DEFINES to be added to
CPPFLAGS and CPU_CFLAGS to be added to CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS (cf.
gcc-target-default.cfg), generally assuming CPU_CFLAGS are CFLAGS.
This breaks preprocessing *.S into *.i files because CPU_CFLAGS flags were
not added to CPPFLAGS. Hence *all* *.S were compiled without taking
-mXX-flags into account. The i960/cvme BSP was the only one which
explicitly checked for a specific -m flag (-mca) and refused to compile
without it -- all other CPUs/BSPs silently swallowed this.
IMO, we can either
1) add CPU_CFLAGS and CPU_DEFINES to CPPFLAGS, thus silently convert
CPU_CFLAGS's meaning into CPU_DEFINES (Alternative solution: rename
CPU_CFLAGS to CPU_DEFINES and merge CPU_FLAGS with CPU_DEFINES).
or
2) destinguish between CPU_DEFINES and CPU_CFLAGS. In this case we would
need to check the contents of each CPU_CFLAGS in custom/*.cfg and move the
some parts of the contents to CPU_DEFINES and keep other parts in
CPU_CFLAGS (CFLAGS must contain options for the c/c++-compiler only!).
Though Solution 2) is the clearer one, I implemented 1) which is the
simplier one (the patch below).
ATTENTION: This patch is small in size, but affects almost everything.
------------
Additional complications araise with linking:
Some BSPs call LD and AS directly (esp. gcc-2.7 make-exe rules). If LD=gcc
then LDFLAGS are supposed to be gcc-options, but if LD=ld then LDFLAGS is
supposed to contain ld-options.
An analog thought is valid for AS, but luckily enough ASFLAGS is not used
of inside the whole source tree.
Most RTEMS' custom/*.cfg use $(CC) $(CFLAGS) to link with gcc-2.8 make-exe
rules. With the patch below (CPU_CFLAGS added to CPPFLAGS) this means
CPU_CFLAGS will not be passed to the linker, which is incorrect for
multilibbed CPU's.
gmake's default rule set contains a variety of rules for linking, all
ending up in calling $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) for linking at their very end.
IMO, this means we should use something like
LINK.o = $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) in gcc-target-default.cfg
+ modify all gcc-2.8 make-exe rules to use
$(LINK.o) .......
+ setup LDFLAGS according to the requirements of the above.
I.e. we should use $(CC) for linking instead of calling the linker (LD)
directly and set LDFLAGS = $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) or similar.
Here is a patch which slightly improves the i386 interrupt handling
macros. These macros were written to use both input and output
parameters, which is not necessary. This patch changes them to use
only an input or output parameter, as appropriate. It also changes
the constraints to permit the interrupt level to be loaded directly in
and out of memory, rather than always requiring a register.
that were accidentally not committed earlier. The DECNet driver
is being added as its own directory to avoid forcing the driver to
have to pull in the complete set of network drivers.
Both the ne2000 and the wd80x3 are based on the National Semiconductor
8390 chip, so there is a fair amount of overlap between the two
drivers. It would be possible in principle to combine some code into
a separate set of subroutines called by both. In fact, the drivers in
both OpenBSD and Linux work this way. I didn't bother, because for
the relatively simple drivers used by RTEMS, the overlap is not
especially large, and any reasonable use of subroutines would lead to
slightly less efficient code.
This ne2000 driver uses two transmit buffers. While one packet is
being transmitted over the Ethernet, RTEMS will upload another. Since
uploading a packet to the ne2000 is rather slow, I don't think there
is any point to having more than two transmit buffers. However, the
code does make it possible, by changing NE_TX_BUFS, although that
would of course reduce the number of receive buffers.
I suspect that the wd80x3 driver would benefit slightly from copying
the multiple transmit buffer code. However, I have no way to test
that.
> 5) rtems-rc-19990202-1.diff/reorg-install.sh
>
> reorg-install.sh fixes a Makefile variable name clash of RTEMS
> configuration files and automake/autoconf standards.
> Until now, RTEMS used $(INSTALL) for install-if-change. Automake and
> autoconf use $(INSTALL) for a bsd-compatible install. As
> install-if-change and bsd-install are not compatible, I renamed all
> references to install-if-changed to $(INSTALL_CHANGED) and used
> $(INSTALL) for bsd-install (==automake/autoconf standard). When
> automake will be introduced install-if-change will probably be replaced
> by $(INSTALL) and therefore will slowly vanish. For the moment, this
> patch fixes a very nasty problem which prevents adding any automake file
> until now (There are still more).
> 4) rtems-rc-19990202-0.diff /reorg-score-cpu.sh
>
> reorg-score-cpu.sh reorganizes the cpu/<cpu>/* subdirectories in a
> similar manner than previous reorg scripts did. rtems-rc-19990202-0.diff
> contains the diffs after reorg-score-cpu.sh has been run on a
> rtems-19981215 snapshot + my patches up to rtems-rc-19990131-2.diff.
>
> This patch is rather nasty and may break something. However, I've tested
> it for about 10 different target/bsp pairs and believe to have shaken
> out most bugs.
I wonder about the following .h files that were not moved:
a29k/asm.h
a29k/cpu_asm.h
i386/asm.h
i960/asm.h
m68k/asm.h
m68k/m68302.h
m68k/m68360.h
m68k/qsm.h
m68k/sim.h
mips64orion/asm.h
mips64orion/cpu_asm.h
mips64orion/mips64orion.h
no_cpu/asm.h
no_cpu/cpu_asm.h
powerpc/asm.h
powerpc/mpc860.h
sh/asm.h
sparc/asm.h
sparc/erc32.h
> 4) rtems-rc-19990202-0.diff /reorg-score-cpu.sh
>
> reorg-score-cpu.sh reorganizes the cpu/<cpu>/* subdirectories in a
> similar manner than previous reorg scripts did. rtems-rc-19990202-0.diff
> contains the diffs after reorg-score-cpu.sh has been run on a
> rtems-19981215 snapshot + my patches up to rtems-rc-19990131-2.diff.
>
> This patch is rather nasty and may break something. However, I've tested
> it for about 10 different target/bsp pairs and believe to have shaken
> out most bugs.
I wonder about the following .h files that were not moved:
a29k/asm.h
a29k/cpu_asm.h
i386/asm.h
i960/asm.h
m68k/asm.h
m68k/m68302.h
m68k/m68360.h
m68k/qsm.h
m68k/sim.h
mips64orion/asm.h
mips64orion/cpu_asm.h
mips64orion/mips64orion.h
no_cpu/asm.h
no_cpu/cpu_asm.h
powerpc/asm.h
powerpc/mpc860.h
sh/asm.h
sparc/asm.h
sparc/erc32.h
> 4) rtems-rc-19990202-0.diff /reorg-score-cpu.sh
>
> reorg-score-cpu.sh reorganizes the cpu/<cpu>/* subdirectories in a
> similar manner than previous reorg scripts did. rtems-rc-19990202-0.diff
> contains the diffs after reorg-score-cpu.sh has been run on a
> rtems-19981215 snapshot + my patches up to rtems-rc-19990131-2.diff.
>
> This patch is rather nasty and may break something. However, I've tested
> it for about 10 different target/bsp pairs and believe to have shaken
> out most bugs.
I wonder about the following .h files that were not moved:
a29k/asm.h
a29k/cpu_asm.h
i386/asm.h
i960/asm.h
m68k/asm.h
m68k/m68302.h
m68k/m68360.h
m68k/qsm.h
m68k/sim.h
mips64orion/asm.h
mips64orion/cpu_asm.h
mips64orion/mips64orion.h
no_cpu/asm.h
no_cpu/cpu_asm.h
powerpc/asm.h
powerpc/mpc860.h
sh/asm.h
sparc/asm.h
sparc/erc32.h
> 3) rtems-rc-19990131-2.diff
>
> This patch removes generating bsp_specs from leaf.cfg and generates
> bsp_specs from inside of c/Makefile instead.
>
> The motivation behind this patch is to avoid "polluting" Makefiles by
> unneccessary rules from included Makefile-fragments (*.cfg-files) and
> try to handle files by explicit rules in Makefiles instead (FYI:
> automake-1.4 physically includes Makefile fragments at the time
> automake is run, not at the time make is run as RTEMS Makefile.ins do
> now)
>
> Nevertheless, this patch is rather uncritical, almost cosmetical - If
> you don't like it, then dump it ;-, however I doubt that subsequent
> patches will apply then ;-.
> 2) rtems-rc-19990131-1.diff
>
> Rework of compilers/*.cfg files (esp. gcc-target-default.cfg) to adapt
> the flags/makefile variables to automake and make standards (cf.
> make.info - implicit rules/variables).
>
> This patch is rather risky and may probably break things, but is an
> essential step towards automake.
>
> FWIW: It also reverts the i386-ASMFLAGS/ASFLAGS-patch, which was wrong,
> as I had to experience ;-.
> Adds variables to the custom/*cfg files to specify the location of
> tools. The purpose is to remove hard-coded paths from the Makefiles.
>
> In later steps this eases moving the tools to other locations.
This patch removes generation of targopts.h from leaf.cfg and generates
it in location at score/include/rtems/score instead.
To achieve this:
* all rules in other Makefile.ins which have accessed targopts.h have
been removed.
* c/Makefile.in has been modified to generate the directories before
doing anything else. I.e. to ensure the directories exist before any
preinstall rule fires (This part is a bit kludgy, but it seems to
work. Please check if the interaction with libhwapi still works).
You will find enclosed a patch which contains, for Intel PC386 target :
- an Ethernet driver for DEC21140 device based boards.
- a simple cache management with paging mechanism.
