2009-08-21 Roxana Leontie <roxana.leontie@gmail.com>

* bsp_howto/framebuffer.t: Updated the frame buffer documentation.

doc/ChangeLog

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+2009-08-21	Roxana Leontie <roxana.leontie@gmail.com>
+
+	* bsp_howto/framebuffer.t: Updated the frame buffer documentation.
+
 2009-08-05	Joel Sherrill <joel.sherrill@OARcorp.com>
 
 	* user/conf.t: Add configuration of posix message queue file

doc/bsp_howto/framebuffer.t

@@ -8,33 +8,50 @@
 
 @chapter Frame Buffer Driver
 
+In this chapter, we present the basic functionality implemented by a
+frame buffer driver: @code{frame_buffer_initialize()}, @code{frame_buffer_open()},
+@code{frame_buffer_close()}, @code{frame_buffer_read()}, @code{frame_buffer_write()}
+and @code{frame_buffer_control()}.
+
 @section Introduction
 
-The purpose of the frame buffer driver is to provide an abstraction for the
+The purpose of the frame buffer driver is to provide an abstraction for 
 graphics hardware.
-By using the frame buffer interface the application can access the graphics 
+By using the frame buffer interface, an application can display graphics 
-without knowing anything about the low-level communication.
+without knowing anything about the low-level details of interfacing to a
+particular graphics adapter. The parameters governing the mapping of
+memory to displayed pixels (planar or linear, bit depth, etc) is still
+implementation-specific, but device-independent methods are provided to
+determine and potentially modify these parameters.
 
-The frame buffer driver is usually located in the @code{console} directory
+The frame buffer driver is commonly located in the @code{console}
-of the BSP and registered by the name @b{/dev/fb}
+directory of the BSP and registered by the name @b{/dev/fb0}.
+Additional frame buffers (if available) are named @b{/dev/fb1},
+@b{/dev/fb2}, etc.
 
-@section Driver Functioning Overview
+To work with the frame buffer, the following operation sequence is used:
+@code{open()}, @code{ioctls()} to get the frame buffer info, @code{read()} and/or
+@code{write()}, and @code{close()}.  
+
+@section Driver Function Overview
 
 @subsection Initialization
 
 The driver initialization is called once during the RTEMS initialization
 process and returns RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL when the device driver is successfully
-initialized
+initialized. During the initialization, a name is assigned to the frame
+buffer device.  If the graphics hardware supports console text output,
+as is the case with the pc386 VGA hardware, initialization into graphics
+mode may be deferred until the device is @code{open()}ed.
 
-The @code{frame_buffer_initialize} function may look like this:
+The @code{frame_buffer_initialize()} function may look like this:
 
 @example
 @group
 rtems_device_driver frame_buffer_initialize(
   rtems_device_major_number  major,
   rtems_device_minor_number  minor,
-  void                      *arg
+  void                      *arg)
-)
 @{
   rtems_status_code status;
 
@@ -43,13 +60,18 @@ rtems_device_driver frame_buffer_initialize(
   /*
    * Register the device
    */
-  status = rtems_io_register_name ("/dev/fb", major, 0);
+  status = rtems_io_register_name("/dev/fb0", major, 0);
   if (status != RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL) 
   @{
     printk("Error registering frame buffer device!\n");
     rtems_fatal_error_occurred( status );
   @}
 
+   /*
+    * graphics hardware initialization goes here for non-console
+    * devices
+    */
+
     return RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL;
 @}
 @end group
@@ -57,40 +79,16 @@ rtems_device_driver frame_buffer_initialize(
 
 @subsection Opening the Frame Buffer Device
 
-The @code{frame_buffer_open} function is called whenever a frame buffer device is opened.
+The @code{frame_buffer_open()} function is called whenever a frame buffer device is opened.
-The device registered as @code{"/dev/fb"} (@code{FRAMEBUFFER_DEVICE_NAME}) is
+If the frame buffer is registered as "/dev/fb0", the @code{frame_buffer_open} entry point
-opened automatically during RTEMS initialization.  For instance, if the frame buffer is
+will be called as the result of an  @code{open("/dev/fb0", mode)} in the application.
-registered as "/dev/fb", the @code{frame_buffer_open} entry point will be called as the
-result of an  @code{open("/dev/fb", mode)} in the application.
 
-The @code{frame_buffer_open} function returns RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL when the device driver
+Thread safety of the frame buffer driver is implementation-dependent.
-is successfully opened:
+The VGA driver shown below uses a mutex to prevent multiple open()
+operations of the frame buffer device.
 
-@example
+The @code{frame_buffer_open()} function returns RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL when the device driver
-@group
+is successfully opened, and RTEMS_UNSATISFIED if the device is already open:
-rtems_device_driver frame_buffer_open(
-  rtems_device_major_number  major,
-  rtems_device_minor_number  minor,
-  void                      *arg
-)
-@{
-  ega_hwinit();
-  printk( "frame buffer open called.\n" );
-
-  return RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL;
-@}
-@end group
-@end example
-
-The @code{ega_hwinit()} which takes care of the hardware initialization.
-
-@subsection Closing the Frame Buffer Device
-
-The @code{frame_buffer_close} is invoked when the serial device is to be closed.
-This entry point corresponds to the device driver close entry point.
-
-The @code{frame_buffer_close} function freeing up the hardware resources.
-Returns RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL when the device driver is successfully closed:
 
 @example
 @group
@@ -100,9 +98,47 @@ rtems_device_driver frame_buffer_close(
   void                      *arg
 )
 @{
+  if (pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex) == 0)@{
+    /* restore previous state.  for VGA this means return to text mode.
+     * leave out if graphics hardware has been initialized in
+     * frame_buffer_initialize() */
+    ega_hwterm();
+    printk( "FBVGA close called.\n" );
+    return RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL;
+  @}
+
+  return RTEMS_UNSATISFIED;
+@}
+@end group
+@end example
+
+In the previous example, the function @code{ega_hwinit()} takes care of
+hardware-specific initialization.
+
+@subsection Closing the Frame Buffer Device
+
+The @code{frame_buffer_close()} is invoked when the frame buffer device
+is closed.  It frees up any resources allocated in
+@code{frame_buffer_open()}, and should restore previous hardware state.
+The entry point corresponds to the device driver close entry point.
+
+Returns RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL when the device driver is successfully closed:
+
+@example
+@group
+rtems_device_driver frame_buffer_close(
+  rtems_device_major_number  major,
+  rtems_device_minor_number  minor,
+  void                      *arg)
+@{
+  pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
+  /* TODO check mutex return value, RTEMS_UNSATISFIED if it failed.  we
+   * don't want to unconditionally call ega_hwterm()... */
+  /* restore previous state.  for VGA this means return to text mode.
+   * leave out if graphics hardware has been initialized in
+   * frame_buffer_initialize() */
   ega_hwterm();
   printk( "frame buffer close called.\n" );
-
   return RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL;
 @}
 
@@ -112,7 +148,11 @@ rtems_device_driver frame_buffer_close(
 
 @subsection Reading from the Frame Buffer Device
 
-The @code{frame_buffer_read} is invoked when the serial device is to be read from.
+The @code{frame_buffer_read()} is invoked from a @code{read()} operation
+on the frame buffer device.
+Read functions should allow normal and partial reading at the end of frame buffer memory,
+returning RTEMS_UNSATISFIED if trying to read beyond the frame buffer
+memory or a negative number of bytes.  
 This method returns RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL when the device is successfully read from:
 
 @example
@@ -123,17 +163,40 @@ rtems_device_driver frame_buffer_read(
   void                      *arg
 )
 @{
-  /*TBD*/
+  /*printk( "FBVGA read called.\n" );*/
+  rtems_libio_rw_args_t *rw_args = (rtems_libio_rw_args_t *)arg;
+  if ( (rw_args->offset >= fb_fix.smem_len) || (rw_args->count < 0) )@{
+     return RTEMS_UNSATISFIED;
+  @}
+  else
+  @{
+	/*partial reading*/ 
+        if ( (rw_args->offset + rw_args->count) > fb_fix.smem_len )@{
+	   rw_args->count = fb_fix.smem_len - rw_args->offset; 
+	   memcpy(rw_args->buffer, (const void *) (rw_args->offset + fb_fix.smem_start), rw_args->count);
+	   rw_args->bytes_moved = rw_args->count;
 	   return RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL;
+	@}
+	/*best reading case*/
+	else@{
+	   memcpy(rw_args->buffer, (const void *) (rw_args->offset + fb_fix.smem_start), rw_args->count);
+           rw_args->bytes_moved = rw_args->count;
+           return RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL;
+	@}
+   @}      
 @}
 @end group
 @end example
 
 @subsection Writing to the Frame Buffer Device
 
-The @code{frame_buffer_write} is invoked when the serial device is to be written to.
+The @code{frame_buffer_write()} is invoked from a @code{write()}
-This entry point corresponds to the device driver write entry point.
+operation on the frame buffer device.
+The frame buffer write function is similar to the read function, and
+should handle similar cases involving partial writes.
 
+This method returns RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL when the device is successfully
+written to:
 
 @example
 @group
@@ -143,19 +206,46 @@ rtems_device_driver frame_buffer_write(
   void                      *arg
 )
 @{
-  /*TBD*/
+  /*printk( "FBVGA write called.\n" );*/
+  rtems_libio_rw_args_t *rw_args = (rtems_libio_rw_args_t *)arg;
+  if ( (rw_args->offset >= fb_fix.smem_len) || (rw_args->count < 0) )@{
+     return RTEMS_UNSATISFIED;
+  @}
+  else
+  @{
+	/*partial writing*/
+        if ( (rw_args->offset + rw_args->count) > fb_fix.smem_len )@{
+	   rw_args->count = fb_fix.smem_len - rw_args->offset; 
+	   memcpy( (void *) (rw_args->offset + fb_fix.smem_start), rw_args->buffer, rw_args->count);
+	   rw_args->bytes_moved = rw_args->count;
 	   return RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL;
+	@}
+	/* best writing case*/
+	else@{
+	   memcpy( (void *) (rw_args->offset + fb_fix.smem_start), rw_args->buffer, rw_args->count);
+           rw_args->bytes_moved = rw_args->count;
+	   return RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL;
+	@}
+   @}         
 @}
 @end group
 @end example
 
 
-@section Frame Buffer IO Control
+@subsection Frame Buffer IO Control
 
-The frame buffer driver allows several ioctls partial compatible with the linux ones
+The frame buffer driver allows several ioctls, partially compatible with
+the Linux kernel,
 to obtain information about the hardware.
-Basically `ioctl' commands call `console_control' with the
+
-serial line configuration wich handeles all the services on the interface.
+All @code{ioctl()} operations on the frame buffer device invoke
+@code{frame_buffer_control()}.
+
+Ioctls supported:
+@itemize @bullet
+@item ioctls to get the frame buffer screen info (fixed and variable).
+@item ioctl to set and get palette.
+@end itemize
 
 @example
 @group
@@ -171,19 +261,20 @@ rtems_device_driver frame_buffer_control(
 
   switch( args->command ) @{
     case FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO:
-      args->ioctl_return =  get_fix_screen_info( args->buffer );
+      args->ioctl_return =  get_fix_screen_info( ( struct fb_fix_screeninfo * ) args->buffer );
       break;
     case FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO:
-      args->ioctl_return =  get_var_screen_info( args->buffer );
+      args->ioctl_return =  get_var_screen_info( ( struct fb_var_screeninfo * ) args->buffer );
       break;
     case FBIOPUT_VSCREENINFO:
       /* not implemented yet*/
-      break;
+      args->ioctl_return = -1;
+      return RTEMS_UNSATISFIED;
     case FBIOGETCMAP:
-      args->ioctl_return =  get_palette( args->buffer );
+      args->ioctl_return =  get_palette( ( struct fb_cmap * ) args->buffer );
       break;
     case FBIOPUTCMAP:
-      args->ioctl_return =  set_palette( args->buffer );
+      args->ioctl_return =  set_palette( ( struct fb_cmap * ) args->buffer );
       break;
 
     default:
@@ -195,5 +286,5 @@ rtems_device_driver frame_buffer_control(
 @end group
 @end example
 
-Look into @code{rtems/fb.h} for more information on what ioctls exist and on
+See @code{rtems/fb.h} for more information on the list of ioctls and
-which data structures they work.
+data structures they work with.